Category: Philosophy

Structuralism is a theoretical approach and method of analysis in various fields of study, including linguistics, anthropology, psychology, literary theory, and philosophy. It emerged in the early 20th century and was particularly influential in the mid-20th century. Structuralism focuses on identifying and analyzing the underlying structures and patterns that govern human behavior, language, culture, and…

Stoicism is an ancient Greek philosophical school that was founded in Athens by Zeno of Citium around 300 BCE. It is one of the major schools of Hellenistic philosophy and has had a lasting impact on Western thought. Stoicism emphasizes the development of virtue, rationality, and self-discipline as the means to achieve inner peace, tranquility,…

Speculative realism is a contemporary philosophical movement that emerged in the early 21st century. It is characterized by its rejection of certain assumptions and methodologies common in traditional Western philosophy, particularly the focus on human consciousness and linguistic representation. Speculative realists seek to explore and articulate ontological questions about the nature of reality, independent of…

The Sophists were a group of itinerant teachers and intellectuals who lived in ancient Greece during the 5th and 4th centuries BCE. They were influential figures during the classical Greek period and played a significant role in the development of rhetoric, education, and philosophy. Key characteristics and features of the Sophists include: Rhetoric and Persuasion:…

Solipsism is a philosophical position that posits that the only thing one can be certain of or know to exist is one’s own mind or self. According to solipsism, the external world, including other people, objects, and events, may be considered as creations or illusions of one’s own mind, and their existence cannot be confirmed…

Social liberalism is a political and philosophical ideology that combines liberal principles with a commitment to addressing social issues and promoting social justice. It advocates for individual freedoms and civil liberties, while also recognizing the role of government in ensuring social welfare and reducing inequalities. Key features and characteristics of social liberalism include: Individual Rights…

Skepticism is a philosophical stance that calls for a critical examination of knowledge, beliefs, and claims, particularly those that are commonly accepted or presented as certain. Skeptics question the reliability of various sources of knowledge and emphasize the importance of evidence, reason, and inquiry in forming justified beliefs. There are several forms of skepticism, each…

Shaykhism, also known as Shaykhism or Shaikhism, is a religious and philosophical movement that emerged in the late 18th century in the Punjab region of South Asia. It was founded by Sheikh Ahmad al-Sirhindi, also known as Sheikh Ahmad Sirhindi or Mujaddid Alf Thani (1564–1624), who is regarded as the “Mujaddid” or “Renewer” of Islam…

Shuddhadvaita, also known as Pure Monism or Pure Non-dualism, is a philosophical and theological school of thought within Hinduism. It was founded by the philosopher and theologian Vallabha Acharya (1479–1531 CE) and is one of the major schools of Vaishnavism, a tradition that worships Lord Vishnu as the Supreme Being. Key features and characteristics of…

Secularism is a political and philosophical concept that advocates for the separation of religion and government. It promotes the idea that religious institutions and beliefs should not interfere with or dictate governmental policies and decisions. Secularism aims to create a society where people of all religious and non-religious beliefs can coexist peacefully, and where the…