Category: Philosophy

Carlyleanism, also known as Carlyle’s philosophy or Carlyle’s worldview, refers to the ideas and beliefs of the Scottish philosopher, historian, and essayist Thomas Carlyle (1795-1881). Thomas Carlyle was a prominent figure in the Victorian era and is often associated with various intellectual and cultural movements of the 19th century. Key features of Carlyleanism include: Heroic…

The Cambridge Platonists were a group of philosophers and theologians associated with the University of Cambridge in the mid-17th century. They were influenced by the ancient Greek philosopher Plato, as well as Neoplatonism and other philosophical traditions. The Cambridge Platonists sought to reconcile Christian theology with rational inquiry and to explore the relationship between reason,…

Buddhism is a major world religion and philosophy that originated in ancient India around the 6th century BCE. It was founded by Siddhartha Gautama, who is commonly known as the Buddha (meaning “the awakened one” or “the enlightened one”). Buddhism has since spread to various parts of the world and has diverse traditions and schools.…

The Budapest School, also known as the Budapest School of Psychoanalysis or the Budapest School of Marxism, refers to a group of Hungarian intellectuals and philosophers who developed a distinctive approach to psychoanalysis and Marxist theory. The school emerged in the 20th century and played a significant role in the development of critical theory and…

British idealism refers to a philosophical movement that developed in the late 19th and early 20th centuries in Britain. It was a response to the dominant philosophical trends of the time, particularly empiricism and materialism, and aimed to provide a comprehensive and systematic approach to understanding reality and human experience. Key features of British idealism…

Brahmoism, also known as Brahmo Dharma, is a religious and reform movement that emerged in 19th-century India, seeking to reform and modernize Hinduism. It was founded by Raja Ram Mohan Roy (1772-1833) and continued by other prominent figures such as Debendranath Tagore (1817-1905) and Keshab Chandra Sen (1838-1884). Key features and principles of Brahmoism include:…

Avicennism, also known as Ibn Sina’s philosophy, refers to the philosophical system and teachings of the influential Persian polymath and philosopher Ibn Sina, known in the West as Avicenna (980-1037 CE). Avicennism had a profound impact on Islamic philosophy and played a crucial role in the development of later philosophical traditions. Key features of Avicennism…

Averroism, also known as Averroismus or Averrhoism, is a philosophical and theological movement associated with the interpretation and dissemination of the works of the medieval Muslim philosopher Ibn Rushd, known in Latin as Averroes (1126-1198). Averroism emerged in the Middle Ages and had a significant impact on Western philosophy, particularly in the context of the…

Augustinianism refers to the philosophical and theological teachings of Saint Augustine of Hippo (354-430 CE), a prominent early Christian theologian and philosopher. Augustine was a key figure in the development of Christian thought and played a significant role in shaping Western Christianity. Key elements of Augustinianism include: Original Sin: Augustine’s doctrine of original sin is…

Atomism is a philosophical and scientific theory that proposes that the fundamental constituents of the universe are indivisible particles called atoms. According to atomism, all matter is composed of these tiny, indestructible building blocks, and all physical phenomena can be explained in terms of the arrangement and motion of atoms. Key points about atomism include:…