Category: Philosophy

Connectionism is a computational theory of cognition that models the human mind as a network of interconnected nodes or artificial neurons. It is an alternative approach to understanding how the mind works, distinct from classical symbol-based computational models like the ones proposed by traditional artificial intelligence and computationalism. Key principles and characteristics of connectionism include:…

Computationalism is a theory in the philosophy of mind and cognitive science that posits that the mind and cognitive processes can be explained in terms of computational processes. It proposes that mental processes are essentially computations or information processing operations, similar to those performed by computers. Key principles of computationalism include: Information Processing: Computationalism suggests…

Communitarianism is a philosophical and political theory that emphasizes the importance of community and collective values in shaping individual identity, rights, and responsibilities. It is a response to liberal individualism, which prioritizes individual rights and autonomy. Key features and principles of communitarianism include: Emphasis on Community: Communitarians argue that human beings are fundamentally social and…

The Collegium Conimbricense, also known as the University of Coimbra, is a prestigious university located in Coimbra, Portugal. It is one of the oldest universities in continuous operation in the world and has a rich history dating back to its founding in 1290. Key features and milestones of the Collegium Conimbricense include: Founding and Early…

Classical Marxism, also known as traditional or orthodox Marxism, refers to the original and foundational theories and ideas developed by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels in the 19th century. It forms the basis of Marxist thought and has been influential in shaping the modern socialist and communist movements. Key principles of classical Marxism include: Historical…

Christian philosophy refers to the philosophical exploration and analysis of concepts, ideas, and questions related to the Christian faith, theology, and worldview. It is a branch of philosophy that seeks to understand and provide rational justifications for Christian beliefs and doctrines. Christian philosophy covers a wide range of topics and questions, including: The Existence of…

Christian humanism is a philosophical and cultural movement that emerged during the Renaissance in Europe, particularly in the 15th and 16th centuries. It sought to integrate humanistic principles and classical learning with Christian values and theology. Christian humanists believed that human beings could lead virtuous and meaningful lives by combining the wisdom of ancient classical…

Charvaka, also known as Lokayata, is an ancient Indian philosophical school that emerged in ancient India around the 6th century BCE. It is one of the heterodox (non-orthodox) schools of Indian philosophy and is known for its materialist and atheistic views. The Charvaka philosophy was primarily concerned with the pursuit of worldly pleasures and the…

Cartesianism refers to the philosophical system and ideas associated with René Descartes, a French philosopher, mathematician, and scientist who lived in the 17th century. Descartes is considered one of the founders of modern Western philosophy and is best known for his method of doubt, his emphasis on reason and clear thinking, and his dualistic view…

The Carolingian Renaissance, also known as the Carolingian Revival, was a cultural and intellectual revival that occurred during the reign of the Carolingian dynasty in Europe, particularly under the rule of Charlemagne (768-814) and his successors. It took place in the late 8th and early 9th centuries and marked a significant period of cultural and…