Carlyleanism

Carlyleanism, also known as Carlyle’s philosophy or Carlyle’s worldview, refers to the ideas and beliefs of the Scottish philosopher, historian, and essayist Thomas Carlyle (1795-1881). Thomas Carlyle was a prominent figure in the Victorian era and is often associated with various intellectual and cultural movements of the 19th century.

Key features of Carlyleanism include:

1. Heroic Leadership: Carlyle emphasized the importance of great individuals, or “heroes,” in shaping history and society. He believed that strong and charismatic leaders could have a transformative impact on the world and that history was largely determined by the actions and ideas of exceptional individuals.
2. Rejecting Materialism and Utilitarianism: Carlyle was critical of the materialistic and utilitarian philosophies that were prevalent in his time. He believed that the pursuit of material wealth and self-interest was detrimental to the moral and spiritual development of individuals and society.
3. Spiritual Values: Carlyle emphasized the importance of spiritual and moral values in human life. He believed in the power of religion, ethics, and culture to provide meaning and purpose to individuals and societies.
4. Critique of Industrialization: Carlyle was critical of the industrial revolution and its impact on society. He saw the rapid industrialization and urbanization of the 19th century as leading to alienation, social upheaval, and a loss of traditional values.
5. Organic Society: Carlyle viewed society as an organic entity, with each individual playing a unique and essential role. He advocated for a more organic and harmonious social order rather than a fragmented and individualistic one.
6. Historical and Cultural Analysis: Carlyle was a historian and cultural critic, and much of his work focused on analyzing historical events and cultural trends. He sought to understand the deeper meanings and lessons that history and culture could provide.

Carlyle’s ideas were influential during his time and had a significant impact on Victorian intellectual and literary circles. He was known for his engaging and passionate writing style, and his works, such as “Sartor Resartus” and “On Heroes, Hero-Worship, and The Heroic in History,” continue to be studied and discussed today.

While Carlyleanism had its critics and its influence waned over time, Thomas Carlyle’s ideas on leadership, history, and culture remain an important part of the broader intellectual history of the 19th century.