Algodonite is a rare copper arsenide mineral (Cu₆As), part of the domeykite–algodonite series. It is scientifically significant because it represents one of the uncommon natural arsenides of copper, found in hydrothermal deposits.
🌍 Origins and Naming
- Name Origin: Named after the Algodones mine in Sonora, Mexico, where it was first discovered.
- Type Locality: Algodones mine, Sonora, Mexico.
- Discovery: Described in the late 19th century.
🔬 Chemical and Structural Properties
- Formula: Cu₆As
- Mineral Group: Copper arsenides (related to domeykite, whitneyite).
- Crystal System: Cubic (isometric).
- Color: Steel-gray to black.
- Habit: Massive, granular, or irregular aggregates; crystals are rare.
- Hardness: ~4 on Mohs scale.
- Specific Gravity: ~8.4 (very dense due to copper content).
- Luster: Metallic.
- Streak: Black.
⚙️ Geological Occurrence
- Found in hydrothermal copper deposits, often in association with other arsenides.
- Associated Minerals: Domeykite, whitneyite, arsenic, native copper, silver, and sulfides.
- Localities:
- Algodones mine, Sonora, Mexico (type locality).
- Other occurrences in Chile, Germany, and the USA (Michigan copper deposits).
📖 Scientific and Collector Significance
- Petrology: Important for understanding copper–arsenic mineralization in hydrothermal systems.
- Collectors: Rare and usually massive, valued for its rarity rather than aesthetics.
- Economic Note: Contains copper, but too rare to be an ore mineral.
⚠️ Safety Considerations
Contains arsenic, so specimens should be handled carefully—avoid inhaling dust or ingesting particles, and wash hands after handling.
✨ Conclusion
Algodonite is a rare copper arsenide (Cu₆As), first described in Mexico, found in hydrothermal copper deposits. Though not economically important, it is scientifically valuable for understanding copper–arsenic mineral chemistry and prized by collectors for its rarity.
In short: Algodonite = Cu₆As, metallic copper arsenide, rare, first found in Mexico, associated with domeykite.
